Great-Circle Distance Calculator
Calculate the great-circle distance between two geographic coordinates.
Calculate the great-circle distance between two geographic coordinates.
Move between map scale, population, geographic distance, midpoint, bearing and terrain-slope calculations.
Calculate a representative map scale from map distance and real-world ground distance.
Open calculatorCalculate population density from population and land area.
Open calculatorCalculate total and annualized population growth between two population values.
Open calculatorCalculate the great-circle distance between two geographic coordinates.
Calculate the spherical geographic midpoint between two coordinates.
Open calculatorCalculate the initial bearing from one geographic coordinate to another.
Open calculatorCalculate terrain slope as both a percentage and an angle.
Open calculatorCalculate the great-circle distance between two geographic coordinates.
Enter compatible geographic values. The calculator validates the numerical inputs and applies Great-circle distance = Mean Earth radius × spherical central angle calculated with the haversine relation.
Variables: Latitude 1 = Latitude 1 (°); Longitude 1 = Longitude 1 (°); Latitude 2 = Latitude 2 (°); Longitude 2 = Longitude 2 (°).
Example: From 0° latitude, 0° longitude to 0° latitude, 1° longitude is approximately 111.195 km on the spherical model.
It is an educational tool for map scale, population and spherical geographic calculations.
Not automatically. Surveying can require ellipsoidal geodesy, a specified datum and higher-precision methods, while official statistics can use defined population, land-area and growth methodologies.
These sources are used to verify terminology, formulas, and information related to this calculator.